1) Use space heaters that heat only the areas where you spend most of your time. The can be gas, oil, electric, coal, corn, trash,or wood-burning, or other means of heating. Use proper ventilation where required. Many of us grew up using just such methods.
2) Wear more and/or warmer clothes. Duh. Oddly enough many people insist on running around nearly naked during the winter while inside their homes. Then they raise their thermostats to compensate.
3) Use warm trows or comforters while sitting in your home.
4) Buy and use military surplus wool or wool blend blankets for as little as $8.00 each. These are heavy wool blankets designed to keep the last generation of military outdoor infantry of various countries warm during ravaging winters. Down-filled sleeping bags are also available. If you care for the less fortunate or homeless, buy and give these blankets. Both down and wool are two natural materials that will keep people warm even when they are wet! If you don't know where to buy them, contact me, and I will provide a half-dozen sources.
5) Take advantage of all government incentives to improve the efficiency of your house. These can includeeverything from weather-stripping to dadding more insulation to installing alternative-energy sources, including some of those mentioned above.
6) Consider building your next home hwoley or partially underground. This is not as bad as it sounds. Many, using a southern exposure to the sun, have virtually eliminating heating and cooling expenses by buiding this way. Do a search and read about it before you knock it. It is green, efficient, cost-effective to build, and asethetically pleasant to inhabit.
7) Utilize outdoor woodburning furnaces widely available and practical to fuel using only discarded and naturally dead wood in many areas of our country. Wood is not the only thing that can be burned either.
8) Redirect the heat output from clothes driers, hot-water heaters, cooking stoves, lights and other heat-generating appliances to help heat your home. Do a search to find way to do this.
9) Wear a hat while outside (or even inside). Much of your body heat escapes through the top of your head. A hat can make the difference between feeling chilled or cozy warm. I have an outdoor mask that hasw a unique metal heat exchanger that traps and re-directs your heated breath back onto your face. It is amazing.
10). Wear socks and fleece house-shoes while lounging inside. It makes a big difference in felt warmth.
11) Use wool blankets while sleeping, or downfilled sleeping bags, and turn the heat down or off. When I was a kid, my dad routinely turned our single natural gas space-heater off or way down, until morning. It was cold in the mornings, but that's the way it was done.